UC Organic Farming Research Workgroup Directory

Integrated Organic Cropping Systems
cover crops

Organic Pest Management
Generalist predators, biointensive IPM, enhancing biocontrol through habitat modification

OTHER
On-farm conservation and restoration of native flora and fauna

My research has included studies on enhancing biological pest control, cover cropping, restoration ecology, earthworm biology, nitrogen dynamics, and pollination biology. I have conducted studies with field crops, vegetables, vineyards, and orchards, as well as in agricultural field borders. I am co-editor of a book of international authorship on biological control, now being published by University of California Press. I serve on the Editorial Board of Biological Agriculture and Horticulture, an international journal dedicated to scientific research in the field of sustainable agriculture. I frequently review for other journals and funding agencies, as well.

Videos:

Bugg, Robert L. (Producer/Director). 1980. Windbreak Trees for California. A synchronized, narrated slide show. International Tree Crops Institute, U.S.A., and U.S. Soil Conservation Service. Davis, California.

Bugg, Robert L. (Producer/Director). 1993. Creative Cover Cropping in Annual Farming Systems. University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Davis, California.

Bugg, Robert L. (Producer/Director). 1993. Creative Cover Cropping in Perennial Farming Systems. University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Davis, California.

Lanini, W. Thomas (Producer/Director). 1993. Cultural Weed Control in Vegetable Crops. Narrated and co-written by Robert L. Bugg. University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Davis, California.

Publications:

Limited Distribution or Popular Journals

1) Bugg, R.L. 1981. Pantry pests. Coop News, Davis Food Coop, Davis, CA. 5(10):3.

2) Bugg, R.L. 1981. The dangers of raw milk. Coop News, Davis Food Coop, Davis, CA. 5(9):4.

3) Bugg, R.L. 1982. Insect pest management in small scale agriculture. Coop News, Davis Food Coop, Davis CA. 6(3): 7-8.

4) Bugg, R.L. 1982. "Organic" goes to court: legislation to protect organic farmers -- and consumers. Coop News, Davis Food Coop, Davis, CA 6(6):9.

5) Bugg, R.L. 1982. Vegetables on the grow. Coop News, Davis Food Coop, Davis, CA. 6(8):4.

6) Bugg, R.L. 1981. A Progress Report to the California Department of Food and Agriculture: Program for the Biological Control of the Elm Leaf Beetle. Department of Entomology, University of California at Davis, 11 pp.

7) Bugg, R.L. 1990. Plant pathology and sustainable agriculture. Components 1(2):7-10.

8) Bugg, R.L. 1990. Farmscaping with insectary plants. Permaculture Activist 6(2): 1, 6-7.

9) Bugg, R.L. 1990. Biological control of insect pests in sustainable agriculture. Components 1(3):5-9.

10) Bugg, R.L. 1991. Managing cover crops to minimize arthropod pests. Pp. 38-40 in: Murray, H. (compiler). Proceedings of the 1991 Farming for Profit and Stewardship: Sustainable Agriculture in the Northwest West Cascades Conference. Sponsored by Extension and Research Directors of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington and the U.S.D.A. Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture Programs in the Pacific Northwest. Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.

11) Bugg, R.L. 1991. Farmscaping with insectary plants. Pp. 77-80 in: Murray, H. (compiler). Proceedings of the 1991 Farming for Profit and Stewardship: Sustainable Agriculture in the Northwest West Cascades Conference. Sponsored by Extension and Research Directors of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington and the U.S.D.A. Low-Input Sustainable Agriculture Programs in the Pacific Northwest. Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon.

12) Bugg, R.L. 1991. Managing cover crops to minimize arthropod pests in orchards and vineyards. Pp. 59-62 in: Sustainable Agriculture in the Sierra Foothills: Making the Transition to Alternative Farming Practices. Sponsored by University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California Cooperative Extension of El Dorado, Placer/Nevada, and Amador Counties, and the Committee for Sustainable Agriculture.

13) Bugg, R.L. 1992. Beneficial arthropods associated with various weeds and wild plants in and near orchards and vineyards. Pp. 202-207 in: Proceedings, 44th Annual California Weed Conference.

14) Bugg, R.L. 1993. Habitat manipulation to enhance the effectiveness of aphidophagous hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae). Sustainable Agriculture: News and Technical Reviews from the University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program 5(2):12-15.

15) Bugg, R.L. 1993. Biologically Integrated Orchard Systems (BIOS) for Merced County almond growers. Sustainable Agriculture: News and Technical Reviews from the University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program 5(5):2.

16) Bugg, R.L. 1994. Second Transitional Organic Cotton Conference. Sustainable Agriculture: News and Technical Reviews from the University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program 6(1):2.

17) Bugg, R.L. 1994. Earthworm update. Sustainable Agriculture: News and Technical Reviews from the University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program 6(3):11-13.

18) Bugg, R.L. 1994. Farmscaping: providing habitat for beneficial arthropods. Proceedings of the Association of Specialty Cut Flower Growers, Annual Meeting, November 11, 1994, Red Lion Inn, San Jose, CA.

19) Bugg, R.L. 1995. The ecology of cover crops. 1995 Proceedings of the Oregon Horticultural Society 86:185-197.

20) Bugg, R.L. 1995. Cover crop biology: a mini-review. Part I. Sustainable Agriculture 7(4):15-17.

21) Bugg, R.L. 1995. Cover crop biology: a mini-review. Part II. Sustainable Agriculture 8(1):16-18.

22) Bugg, R.L. 1997. Cover your bets with cover crops. The Wine Exchange: The Vinifera Wine Growers Newsletter. 13(January/February):20-26.

23) Bugg, R.L. 2002. Restoration ecology and conservation biology in agriculture (Part I). Sustainable Agriculture 13(3):8-10.

24) Bugg, R.L. 2002. Restoration ecology and conservation biology in agriculture (Part II). Sustainable Agriculture 14(1):12-13.

25) Bugg, R.L. 2003. Natural resource and habitat issues in winegrape production. Distributed at the “Organic Winegrowing Short Course,” Hopland, Mendocino Co., November 18, 2003, organized by Jeri Ohmart and Glenn McGourty.

26) Bugg, R.L., G. Anderson, R. Eck, L. Hendricks, and C. Lashbrook. 1994. Biologically Integrated Orchard Systems (BIOS) for Almonds In Merced County. Second Edition. Community Alliance with Family Foundation, Davis, CA.

27) Bugg, R.L., J.H. Anderson, J.W. Menke, K. Crompton, and W.T. Lanini. 1991. Perennial grasses as roadside cover crops to reduce agricultural weeds. Components 2(1):14-16.

28) Bugg, R.L., J.H. Anderson, J.W. Menke, K. Crompton, and W.T. Lanini. 1991. Perennial grasses as roadside cover crops to reduce agricultural weeds in Yolo County (Adapted from the articile in Components 2(1):14-16, 1991). Grasslands (Newsletter of the California Native Grass Association) 1(1):3-4.

29) Bugg, R.L. 1995. Biologically integrated cover crop management in winegrape vineyards. 1995. Proceedings of the Oregon Horticultural Society 86:215-223.

30) Bugg, R.L., J.D. Dutcher, and S.C. Phatak. 1988. Cool- and warm-season cover crops in the pecan groves of southern Georgia: management for soil fertility and biological control. Annual Report of the Northern Nut Growers Association 79:53-58.

31) Bugg, R.L., and L.E. Ehler. 1983. Biological Control of Elm Leaf Beetle in the Central Valley of California: A Report of Research During 1983. Department of Entomology, University of California Davis, 6 pp.

27) Bugg, R.L., and N.F. Heidler 1981. Pest Management with California Native Landscape Plants. University of California Appropriate Technology Program, Research Leaflet Series #8-78-28. 8 pp.

28) Bugg, R.L., C. Ingels, and R. Miller. 1991. Challenges of intercropping in citrus orchards. Components 2(3):5-9.

29) Bugg, Robert L., Christopher J. Lewis, and Carri Benefield. 2002. Extending Biologically Integrated Farming Systems (BIFS) to field and row crops. Final Report To The United States Environmental Protection Agency Pesticide Environmental Stewardship Program. 370 p.

30) Bugg, R.L., G. McGourty, M. Sarrantonio, W.T. Lanini, and R. Bartolucci. 1996. Comparison of 32 Cover Crops in an Organic Vineyard on the North Coast of California. Sustainable Agriculture 8(4):7-8.

31) Bugg, R.L., and D. McGrath. 1991. Farmscaping with insectary plants. Proceedings of the Oregon Horticultural Society 82:111-114.

32) Bugg, R. L., and R. Miller. 1991. Water relations in cover cropped vineyards and orchards. Pp. 14-17 in: Sustainable Agriculture in the Sierra Foothills: Making the Transition to Alternative Farming Practices. Sponsored by University of California Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California Cooperative Extension of El Dorado, Placer/Nevada, and Amador Counties, and the Committee for Sustainable Agriculture.

33) Bugg, R.L., and R. Miller. 1991. Grasses/legumes: dream team. Sustainable Agriculture News 3(4):1-4.

34) Bugg, R. L., and R. Miller. 1991. Cover crops and water use: a drought problem? Small Farmer’s Journal 15(2):35. (Reprinted from Sustainable Agriculture News).

35) Bugg, R.L., S.C. Phatak, and J.D. Dutcher. 1989. Management of understory cover crops in subtropical orchards. Presented at the Center for Agriculture in the Tropics and Subtropics (Der Tropenzentrum), Universität Hohenheim, Stuttgart, January, 1989.

36) Bugg, R.L. and P.C. Trenham. 2003. Agriculture affects amphibians (Part 1): Climate change, landscape-scale dynamics, hydrology, mineral enrichment of water. Sustainable Agriculture (newsletter of UC SAREP), Spring 2003 15(1):12-15. http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/newsltr/v15n1/sa-6.html

37) Bugg, R.L. and P.C. Trenham. 2003. Agriculture affects amphibians (Part 2): pesticides, fungi, algae, higher plants, fauna, management recommendations. Sustainable Agriculture (newsletter of UC SAREP), Fall 2003 15(2):8-11.

http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/newsltr/v15n2/sa-7.html

38) Caswell, E.P., and Bugg, R.L. 1991. Ecological management of plant-parasitic nematodes. Components 2(2):6-10.

39) Central Valley Habitat Joint Venture, North American Waterfowl Management Plan. 1996. Farming For Wildlife 1996 (An illustrated calendar of farming activities to encourage desirable wildlife species). Central Valley Habitat Joint Venture, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento, California.

40) Dlott, J., T. Nelson, R. Bugg, M. Spezia, R. Eck, J. Redmond, J. Klein, and L. Lewis. 1996. California, USA: Merced County BIOS Project. In: L.A. Thrupp, ed. New Partnerships For Sustainable Agriculture. World Resources Institute. Washington, DC.

41) Kremen, C., S.W. Adelman, R. Bugg, and R. Thorp. 2002. Pollination services as a common asset: the role of native bees in crop pollination. Pp. 9-20, 40-41 in: Page Brown. 2002. Sustainable Agriculture and Common Assets: Stewardship Success Stories. Redefining Progress for People Nature and the Economy. Redefining Progress, Oakland, CA.

42) Kremen, C., S.W. Adelman, R.L. Bugg, and R. Thorp. 2002. Conserving and restoring pollination services on organic farms of Yolo and Solano Counties, Northern California. Organic Farming Research Foundation Information Bulletin 11:18-21.

43) Phatak, S.C., D.R. Sumner, R.L. Bugg, R. Lowrance, J.D. Dutcher, and D. Gay. 1988. Cool-season cover crops preceding minimum-tillage cucumber (Cucumeris sativas L., Cucurbitaceae): impact on weeds, diseases, nematodes, and yields. (Report on 1987-88 data, first year of a multi-year, interdisciplinary study).

44) Santer, L. (Editor). 1995. BIOS For Almonds: A Practical Guide To Biologically Integrated Orchard Systems Management. Community Alliance with Family Farmers Foundation, Davis, California / Almond Board of California, Modesto, California.

45) Werner, M., and R.L. Bugg. 1991. Earthworms: Renewers of agroecosystems. Small Farmer’s Journal 15(2):51. (Reprinted from Sustainable Agriculture News).

Publications For Refereed Journals, Books, Proceedings, etc. (reprints available by request):

1) Auburn, J.S., and R.L. Bugg. 1991. An information data base on cover crops. Pp. 11-14 in: W.L. Hargrove (editor). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Proceedings of an international conference, West Tennessee Experiment Station, Jackson, TN, April 9-11, 1991. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, IA. XII + 198 pp.

2) Beane, K.A., and R.L. Bugg. 1998. Natural and artificial shelter to enhance arthropod biological control agents. Pp. 239-253 in: Pickett, C.H. and R.L. Bugg (editors). Enhancing Biological Control: Habitat Management to Promote Natural Enemies of Arthropod Pests. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.

3) Brown, C.S., and R.L. Bugg. 2001. Effects of established perennial grasses on introduction of native forbs in California. Restoration Ecology. 9:38-48.

4) Bugg, R.L. 1987. Observations on insects associated with a nectar-bearing Chilean tree, Quillaja saponaria. Pan-Pacific Entomologist 63:60-64.

5) Bugg, R.L. 1991. Cover crops and control of arthropod pests of agriculture. Pp. 157-163 in: W.L. Hargrove (editor). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Proceedings of an international conference, West Tennessee Experiment Station, Jackson, TN, April 9-11, 1991. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, IA. XII + 198 pp.

6) Bugg, R.L. 1992. Using cover crops to manage arthropods on truck farms. HortScience 27(7):741-745.

7) Bugg, R.L., J.H. Anderson, C.D. Thomsen, and J. Chandler. 1998. Farmscaping in California: managing hedgerows, roadside and wetland plantings, and wild plants for biointensive pest management. Pp. 339-374 in: Pickett, C.H. and R.L. Bugg [Eds.], Enhancing biological control: habitat management to promote natural enemies of agricultural pests. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

8) Bugg, R.L., J.S. Auburn, and R.J. Zomer. 1991. The cover crops database. Information Group, Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program, University of California, Davis, California.

9) Bugg, R.L., C.S. Brown, and J.H. Anderson. 1997. Restoring native perennial grasses to rural roadsides in the Sacramento Valley of California: establishment and evaluation. Restoration Ecology 5:214-228.

10) Bugg, R.L., and J.D. Dutcher. 1989. Warm-season cover crops for pecan orchards: horticultural and entomological implications. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 6:123-148.

11) Bugg, R.L., and J.D. Dutcher. 1993. Sesbania exaltata (Rafinesque-Schmaltz) as a warm-season cover crop in pecan orchards: effects on aphidophagous Coccinellidae and pecan aphids. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 9:215-229.

12) Bugg, R.L., J.D. Dutcher, and P.J. McNeill. 1991. Cool-season cover crops in the pecan orchard understory: effects on Coccinellidae (Coleoptera) and pecan aphids (Homoptera: Aphididae). Biological Control 1:8-15.

13) Bugg, R.L., L.E. Ehler, and L.T. Wilson. 1987. Effect of common knotweed (Polygonum aviculare) on abundance and efficiency of insect predators of crop pests. Hilgardia 55(7):1-53.

14) Bugg, R.L., and R.T. Ellis. 1988. Use of green manure crops to subsidize beneficial insects (a study in progress). In: Global Perspectives on Agroecology and Sustainable Agricultural Systems: Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements, Santa Cruz, CA, 1986, volume II, part 11, pp. 553-557 (P.Allen and D. Van Dusen, eds.). Agroecology Program, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA.

15) Bugg, R.L., and R.T. Ellis. 1990. Insects associated with cover crops in Massachusetts. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 7: 47-68.

16) Bugg, R.L., R.T. Ellis, and R.W. Carlson. 1989. Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) using extrafloral nectar of faba bean (Vicia faba L., Fabaceae) in Massachusetts. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 6:107-114.

17) Bugg, R.L., G. McGourty, M. Sarrantonio, W.T. Lanini, and R. Bartolucci. 1996. Comparison of 32 cover crops in an organic vineyard on the north coast of California. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 13:65-83.

18) Bugg, R.L., S.C. Phatak, and J.D. Dutcher. 1990. Insects associated with cool-season cover crops in southern Georgia: implications for pest control in the truck-farm and pecan agroecosystems. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 7:17-45.

19) Bugg, R.L. and C.H. Pickett. 1998. Habitat management to enhance biological control: a concept and its applications. Pp. 1-23 in: Pickett, C. H. and R. L. Bugg [Eds.], Enhancing biological control: habitat management to promote natural enemies of agricultural pests. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

20) Bugg, R.L., M. Sarrantonio, J.D. Dutcher, and S.C. Phatak. 1991. Understory cover crops in pecan orchards: possible management options. American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 6(2):50-62.

21) Bugg, R.L., and M. Van Horn. 1998. Ecological soil management and soil fauna: best practices in California vineyards. Pp. 23-34 in: R. Hamilton, L. Tassie, and P. Hayes (eds). Proceedings of the Viticulture Seminar: Viticultural Best Practice, Mildura Arts Centre, 1 August, 1997, Mildura, Victoria, Australia. Australian Society For Viticulture And Oenology, Inc., Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

22) Bugg, R.L., F.L. Wäckers, K.E. Brunson, S.C. Phatak, and J.D. Dutcher. 1990. Tarnished plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) on selected cool-season leguminous cover crops. Journal of Entomological Science 25(3):463-474.

23) Bugg, R.L., F.L. Wäckers, K.E. Brunson, J.D. Dutcher, and S.C. Phatak. 1991. Cool-season cover crops relay intercropped with cantaloupe: influence on a generalist predator, Geocoris punctipes (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae). Journal of Economic Entomology 84:408-416.

24) Bugg, R.L., and C. Waddington. 1994. Managing cover crops to manage arthropod pests of orchards. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 50:11-28.

25) Bugg, R.L., and L.T. Wilson. 1989. Ammi visnaga (L.) Lamarck (Apiaceae): associated beneficial insects and implications for biological control, with emphasis on the bell-pepper agroecosystem. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 6:241-268.

26) Ehler, L.E., R.L. Bugg, M.B. Hertlein, H.P. Sauter, and K. Thorarinsson. 1987. Patch-exploitation patterns in an egg parasite of elm leaf beetle. Entomophaga 32:233-239.

27) Grafton-Cardwell, E.E., Y. Ouyang, and R.L. Bugg. 1999. Leguminous cover crops to enhance population development of Euseius tularensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Citrus. Biological Control 16:73-80.

28) Ingels, C.A., R.L. Bugg, G.T. McGourty, and L.P. Christensen, eds. 1998. Cover Cropping in Vineyards: A Grower's Handbook. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3338.

29) Ingels, C.A., R.L. Bugg, and F.L. Thomas. 1998. Cover crop species and descriptions. Chapter 2, pp. 8-39 in: Ingels, C.A., R.L. Bugg, G.T. McGourty, and L.P. Christensen, eds. Cover Cropping in Vineyards: A Grower's Handbook. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3338.

30) Ingels, C., M. Van Horn, R.L. Bugg, and P.R. Miller. 1994. Selecting the right cover crop gives multiple benefits. California Agriculture 48(5):43-48.

31) Kremen, C., R.L. Bugg, N. Nicola, S.A. Smith, R.W. Thorp, N.M. Williams. 2003. Native bees, native plants and crop pollination in California. Fremontia 30:41– 49.

32) Maingay, H., R.L. Bugg, R.W. Carlson, and N.A. Davidson. 1991. Predatory and parasitic wasps (Hymenoptera) feeding at flowers of sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Miller var. dulce Battandier & Trabut, Apiaceae) and spearmint (Mentha spicata L., Lamiaceae) in Massachusetts. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 7:363-383.

33) Ouyang, Y., E.E. Grafton Cardwell, and R.L. Bugg. 1993. Effects of various tree and grass pollens on development, survivorship and reproduction of Euseius tularensis (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Environmental Entomology 21:1371-1376.

34) Phatak, S.C., R.L. Bugg, D.R. Sumner, J.D. Gay, K.E. Brunson, and R.B. Chalfant. 1988. Cover crop effects on weeds, diseases, and insects of vegetables. Pp. 153-154 in: W.L. Hargrove (editor). Cover Crops for Clean Water. Proceedings of an international conference, West Tennessee Experiment Station, Jackson, TN, April 9-11, 1991. Soil and Water Conservation Society. Ankeny, IA. XII + 198 pp.

35) Pickett, C. H. and R. L. Bugg [Eds.]. 1998. Enhancing biological control: habitat management to promote natural enemies of agricultural pests. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

36) Rämert, Birgitta, Robert L. Bugg, M. Sean Clark, Matthew R. Werner, Robert P. McGuinn, Durga D. Poudel, & Alison M. Berry. 2001. Influence of Lumbricus terrestris inoculation on green manure disappearance and the decomposer community in a walnut orchard. Soil Biology & Biochemistry 33:1509-1516.

37) Schoenig, S., R.L. Bugg, and J. Utts. 1998. The role of experimentation in the development of enhancement strategies. Pp. 271-296 in Pickett, C. H. and R. L. Bugg [Eds.], Enhancing biological control: habitat management to promote natural enemies of agricultural pests. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.

38) Sumner, D.R., S.C. Phatak, J.D. Gay, R.B. Chalfant, K.E. Brunson, and R.L. Bugg. 1995. Soilborne pathogens in a vegetable double-crop with conservation tillage following winter cover crops. Crop Protection. 14:495-500.

39) Tourte, L., R.L. Bugg, and C. Shennan. 2000. Effects of foliar-applied seaweed and fish powder on yield and fruit quality of organically grown processing tomatoes. Biological Agriculture and Horticulture 18:15-27.

40) Westerdahl, Becky B., Edward P. Caswell-Chen, and Robert L. Bugg. 1998. Nematodes. Chp. 10, pp. 113-125 in: Ingels, Chuck A., R.L. Bugg, Glenn T. McGourty, and L. Peter Christensen, eds. Cover Cropping in Vineyards: A Grower's Handbook. University of California, Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources. Publication 3338.

Selected Work In Progress:

1) McGuinn, R.P., R.L. Bugg, R. Smith, and A.M. Berry. Submitted. Nitrogen in no-till, cover crop managed almond orchards I: soil and plant N-dynamics during decomposition of legume residue. Submitted to Soil Biology and Biochemistry. Manuscript.

2) Smith. R., R.P. McGuinn, K. Reed, R.L. Bugg, and A.M. Berry. Submitted. Nitrogen in no-till, cover crop managed almond orchards II. Volatile Losses of ammonia from legume cover crops. Submitted to Soil Biology and Biochemistry. Manuscript.